Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) is a deciduous tree related to willows, characterized by nearly triangular leaves and small seeds carried on the wind in cottony masses. It is the largest known tree of its species in the country as reported to American Forests. This tree is recognized not only for its size but also the critical ecosystem services that it provides such a food and shelter for wildlife, its water purification abilities, and its role in absorbing CO2 from our atmosphere and storing carbon in its wood. There is only one species of cottonwood in the Reserve.48 In California, at least six varieties of P. fremontii have been described but only one subspecies, P. fremontii ssp. Birds are attracted to these trees to feed on the abundance of insects. Has Deciduous foliage. Fremont cottonwood grows only on wet soil and is an indicator of permanent water and shade. Flowering Season: Mid-spring to early summer Fast-growing, Populus fremontii (Western Cottonwood) is an upright-spreading deciduous tree with stout branches clad with heart-shaped, bright green leaves turning a lovely yellow in fall. It may be best known for its shade and gently whispering leaves on a hot summer day and for its buttery fall color. Fremont Cottonwood is native to the western regions of North America. Fremont cottonwood is a fast-growing winter-deciduous tree that may reach 60 feet (20 m) or more. Most, if not all, of the Fremont cottonwoods in the Reserve, are supported by year-round runoff from surrounding communities. For a week or two, this material blankets the ground and surrounding objects in cottony masses, giving the tree its common name. Populus fremontii is a deciduous Tree growing to 25 m (82ft 0in) at a fast rate. drought tolerant. Does not like wet feet. Box 230634 In Arizona, the Hopi consider Fremont cottonwood to be sacred. fremontii) This champion Fremont Cottonwood of Arizona made its debut on the National Register of Champion Trees in 2018. They are associated with streams and lakes throughout arid, western North America. Groves of cottonwoods were used as an indicator of water, especially in low desert areas, during the early exploration of the western United States [ 104 ]. These trees have been very important to the native people living in North America. Fremont's cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. ), other trees, and shrubs [26,49]. Encinitas, CA 92023 1220 L Street, NW, Suite 750Washington, DC 20005, Phone: 202.737.1944 Capsules open to release tiny seeds attached to tufts of fine, silky hairs which carry them on the wind; many tufts are not attached to seeds. Flowers Inconspicuous. Western Cottonwood. Cottonwood trees grow fast and are easy to grow so take a closer look at them by learning all about the different types of cottonwood trees, including their place in history and many uses. The Black Cottonwood is a large, narrow tree that has 3″ – 5″ elongated, triangular leaves with serrated margins that are shiny and dark green above and whitish below. 83 The pale grayish bark is smooth in young trees, becoming darker and deeply furrowed as the tree ages. Aigeiros.The tree was named after 19th century American explorer and pathfinder John C. Frémont The whispering leaves are the gods speaking, and the root of the cottonwood is the wood used for Kachina dolls.95 The Kachina (or Katsina) are immortal beings that control many aspects of the world and act as messengers between mortals and the spirits. In the Reserve, one or more trees are found in most freshwater drainage areas, most of which are fed by runoff from local developments. Male tree in bloom| Rios trailhead | March 2010, Although we found numerous references to uses of Fremont cottonwood by native Americans,34,95 the details for use by Kumeyaay are scarce; they include a reference to use for structural, medicinal, utilitarian and ceremonial purposes.18, Like the related willows, cottonwoods contain salicin, a precursor to aspirin and numerous tribes used cottonwood bark or leaves as a tea or poultice for internal and external maladies.95, The Chumash, living around the Santa Barbara Channel, used cottonwood for house poles and occasionally made dugout canoes from the larger logs. These have resulted in the loss of large cottonwood populations. (3-4 m). As the … From mid to late summer, most of the tree’s leaves show the ravages of leaf eating insects. Tax ID: 53-0196544, American Forests National Tree Register, Species: Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii ssp. It occurs naturally in mixed woodlands or along streams below 9,000′. The heartwood of Fremont cottonwood is soft and prone to breakage. Mature Fremont cottonwood trees are top-killed by moderate fire [2,5,14,15]. ... Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) — grows from California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. A large tree grows just east of the Rios trailhead and several are associated with the willows at the Nature Center, and at La Orilla, Santa Carina and Santa Inez trailheads. Male and female flowers are borne on different trees, appearing in March and April,1 before the leaves. Family: Salicaceae. Help us honor and protect our nation’s Champion Trees. Rounded or Spreading Shape. A fast shade tree for dry hot interior climates. It is one of three species in Populus sect. Cottonwood tree identification. The Plants Database includes the following 2 subspecies of Populus fremontii .Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles. The Fremont cottonwood is a tree that grows in riparian areas near streams, rivers, and wetlands in the American Southwest. This tree is 106 feet (32.31 meters) tall. Observation Search (3160 records) Plant Characteristics. Type: Broadleaf. This is a fast-growing tree that will start to provide great shade and structure within just a few seasons of growth. Few of the common names of the plant are Fremont cottonwood, Fremont’s cottonwood, Western Cottonwood, Fremont Poplar, Alamo cottonwood, poplar, balsam poplar, Alamo, aspen, quaking aspen, tacamahac, hackmatac, western poplar, Arizona cottonwood, Valley Cottonwood, Rio Grande Cottonwood and Meseta Cottonwood. Fremont's cottonwood (P. fremontii) is native to the southwestern United States and western Mexico. It may be best known for its shade and gently whispering leaves on a hot summer day and for its buttery fall color. Longevity 40 to 150 years. Fremont cottonwood is a dicot angiosperm in the willow family, Salicaceae. It is the largest known tree of its species in the country as reported to American Forests. Leaves Deltoid, Light Green, Golden or Yellow or Orange, Deciduous. Cottonwoods are pollinated by the wind, while willows produce nectar which attracts a variety of pollinating insects. Fremont's cottonwood trees range from 12 to 35 meters in height, and trunk diameter ranges from 0.30 to 1.5 meters. It requires a groundwater source shallower than 10-12 feet. Flowering Season: Mid-spring to early summer May 2012. Cottonwood trees feature male and female parts on separate trees (female trees are the ones that produce the cottony substance that gives the tree its name). Fremont’s cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. The Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii), also commonly known as the western or Gila cottonwood, grows across U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 9. Fremont cottonwood can occur in pure stands but more often grows in association with willows (Salix spp. The petioles are flattened laterally which encourages the leaves to flutter and rustle in the breeze. It is a large tree growing from 12-35 meters in height, with a trunk up to 1.5 meter diameter. Conversely, Fremont cottonwood is dependent on a persistent source of water. Margins are shallowly scalloped. Fremont's cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. Sign up for email updates, including trail openings/closures, new event announcements, and more. Family: Salicaceae. It measures 103 feet high, with a trunk circumference of 332 inches and a crown spread of 120 feet. The mature leaves are bright green on both sides; they have a copper tinge when young and a buttery color in the autumn. Pronunciation: pop-U-lus free-MONT-e-i. Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii ssp. Search the American Forests Champion Tree national register. 5 Leaves are smooth and triangular, 2 – 3 inches (5 – 7.5 cm) long, slightly broader than long, with a rather abrupt tip. The 3 main species are Populus deltoids (eastern cottonwood), Populus fremontii (Fremont’s cottonwood), and the Populus nigra (black poplar). Although cottonwood trees are really attractive and add to the appeal of their surroundings, their immense size makes them unsuitable for small yards. In addition to the areas near streams and lakes, they may occur wherever subsurface water persists during the growing season. Scientific Name: Populus fremontii Size (height & diameter): Up to 75 ft (22.9 m) tall, and 5 ft (1.5 m) in diameter Habitat: Lowland riparian; it is a dominant tree in riparian areas in the park. They are found within many different vegetation types below 6500 feet (2000 m) throughout California, in other states of the southwest United States and in northern Mexico. Observation Search (3160 records) Plant Characteristics. The bark is smooth in younger trees, becoming deeply furrowed with whitish cracked bark with age. A fast shade tree for dry hot interior climates. It is in flower from March to April, and the seeds ripen in April. Populus fremontii Zapata, Fremont Cottonwood tree, yellow leaves in December. In closed stands, the trunk may as… It is hardy to zone (UK) 7. Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii) • Medium to tall tree with broad, open crown, usually 50 to 75 feet in height with trunk diameters of 1 to 4 feet. Cottonwoods need a nearly-constant source of fresh water. Additional Common Names. Cottonwood trees can add 6 feet in height each year making them the fastest growing trees in North America. At the same time, the creation of unlined irrigation channels has opened a new cottonwood habitat. Fremont's cottonwood trees range from 12 to 35 meters in height, and trunk diameter ranges from 0.30 to 1.5 meters. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) — grows in eastern U.S. and southern Canada. Named after 19th century American explorer John C. Fremont, it is similar to the Eastern Cottonwood, differing mainly in the leaves having fewer, larger serrations on the leaf edge and small … They are characterized by flowers that lack petals or sepals and which are densely clustered in catkins. Fremont cottonwood are most common along the lower half of the Truckee River, from Reno downstream to Pyramid Lake. Prefers gravel to sandy soils that flood periodically. Fremont cottonwood 'Fruita Mail Tree' in the picnic area along the scenic road, Fruita, Utah, United States Viewed 336 times recently Fremont cottonwood next to … The bark is smooth in • From 2,000 to 6,500 feet, mostly in the southern portion of the region. Fremont Cottonwood. It has a broad, open crown and stout, widely spread branches. Fremont cottonwood is a fast-growing winter-deciduous tree that may reach 60 feet (20 m) or more. Identification of Fremont’s cottonwood trees is by their cordate shape leaves (heart-shape), coarsely serrated edges, and elongated smooth-edged tip. fremontii is currently recognized.2,7. The trees in the Reserve are found along natural seeps or along drainage from nearby residential areas. Populus fremontii, commonly known as Fremont's cottonwood or the Alamo cottonwood, is a cottonwood (and thus a poplar) native to riparian zones of the Southwestern United States and northern through central Mexico. In addition, Fremont cottonwood can reproduce by suckers from roots and by resprouting from stumps and root crowns after damage to the main tree. • Usually occurs with coyote willow. fremontii), Andy Allgood, Robert Pearson, and David Thornburg. *Plants ship dormant in winter months October through April. The leathery, triangular-shaped foliage makes a lovely sound as the leaves rustle in the wind and it turns vibrant yellow to announce the arrival of autumn. WESTERN COTTONWOOD, FREMONT COTTONWOOD, GILA COTTONWOOD. Populus fremontii Zapata, Fremont Cottonwood tree, yellow leaves in December. The leathery, triangular-shaped foliage makes a lovely sound as the leaves rustle in the wind and it turns vibrant yellow to announce the arrival of autumn. The cottonwood tree is a hardwood tree that loses its leaves in the fall. Female flowers are more loosely clustered. One of the fastest-growing trees, Fremont Cottonwood grows at a rate of 10 to 20 feet per year, reaching a height of up to 90 feet at maturity. Native to (or naturalized in) Oregon: No. This champion Fremont Cottonwood of Arizona made its debut on the National Register of Champion Trees in 2018. Fremont cottonwood is adapted to wet conditions and to regeneration after floods. Pests and Pathogens from Calinvasives Plant Distribution. In open areas, the tree may divide into branches near its base, producing a spreading crown. Fremont Cottonwood. The largest tree by circumference in Minnesota is a Populus deltoides at 394 inches (1,001 centimeters) measured at the trunk 4 and 1/2 feet (137 cm) above the ground. Scientific Name: Populus fremontii Size (height & diameter): Up to 75 ft (22.9 m) tall, and 5 ft (1.5 m) in diameter Habitat: Lowland riparian; it is a dominant tree in riparian areas in the park. The Fremont Cottonwood, also known as the Western Cottonwood or the Rio Grande Cottonwood, Populus fremontii, occurs in California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. Sign up for our big tree email list and receive year-round updates on the program. Plant Lists: View Information About Other Plants These cottonwood trees are used as windbreaks, to prevent soil erosion, and provide shade in parks, cattle ranches, and recreational areas. Black cottonwood … on YouTube; Last edited on 3 October 2020, at 10:15. The other members of this family in the Reserve are willows.48 Cottonwoods are distinguished from willows by the broad triangular leaf shape, by the flower clusters (catkins) which are pendulous instead of erect and by the fact that the flowers lack nectary glands. Tree Characteristics. The cambium layer is damaged by even low-severity surface fire [143,154]. On mature trees, the ash-gray bark is divided into thick, flattened ridges, separated by deep fissures. This is a fast-growing tree that will start to provide great shade and structure within just a few seasons of growth. Pests and Pathogens from Calinvasives Plant Distribution. Look for cottonwoods like the “Mail Tree,” in the Doc Inglesby Picnic Area. Forming a prominent part of the natural ecosystem in the US and reaching over 100 feet tall when fully grown, cottonwoods are truly majestic trees that tend to be a real head-turner (or rather a neck- craner ). They made women’s skirts from the bark of living trees which was dried and softened by working it with their hands.15. The Fremont Cottonwood is a cottonwood native to North America, growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers, and wetlands in the southwestern part of the United States, and downwards into Mexico. There are only a few species of poplar trees that are classified as cottonwoods. Cottonwood Varieties. Cottonwood trees feature male and female parts on separate trees (female trees are the ones that produce the cottony substance that gives the tree its name). Fremont Cottonwood is native to the western regions of North America. Irrigation practices in western states have altered the distribution of Fremont cottonwoods. Fremont Cottonwood . Height: 40 - 80 feet. Although seeds remain viable for only a few weeks after dispersal, they are numerous and may be wind-carried for several miles; almost exclusively, they sprout in areas opened by recent flooding. Growth rates of 30 feet in a year have been reported.83 The pale grayish bark is smooth in young trees, becoming darker and deeply furrowed as the tree ages.5Leaves are smooth and triangular, 2 – 3 inches (5 – 7.5 cm) long, slightly broader than long, with a rather abrupt tip. Its habitat can be found neighboring chaparrals, valley grasslands, and other various types of woodland vegetation communities. One plant of Populus fremontii, Fremont Cottonwood tree, 1-2 year old *Unless otherwise restricted from shipping, this plant will ship bare root to California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. Native range: Populus fremontii is a cottonwood native to North America and is found in riparian forest ecosystems, a wetland adjacent to rivers, stream, or water banks and aids in erosion control (Figure 8). … Male catkin | Rios trailhead | March 2010. 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Cottonwood of Arizona made its debut on the National Register of champion trees common name made.
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