Nov 29, 2015 - British Aerospace Harrier II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Bolt-on refuelling probe, top right. [61] In the long term, the F-35C Lightning II, scheduled for introduction by 2020, shall operate from the Navy's two Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers. The AV-8B Harrier II is a single-engine ground-attack aircraft that constitutes the second generation of the Harrier Jump Jet family. ", "RAF Harrier pilots are given the go-ahead to bomb through clouds. In December 2010, budgetary pressures led to the early retirement of all Harrier IIs from service. Flygplanet var den senaste utvecklingen av Harrier Jump Jet familj, och härstammar från McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. [12], In 1995, hostilities between ethnic Croatians and Serbians in the aftermath of the collapse of Yugoslavia led to the dispatch of NATO forces to the region as a deterrent to further escelations in violence; a squadron of Harrier IIs was stationed at Gioia del Colle Air Base in Italy, relieving an earlier deployment of RAF SEPECAT Jaguars. [16], The RAF used Harriers in the ground attack and reconnaissance roles, so they relied on the short-range AIM-9 Sidewinder missile for air combat. The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) AV-8B Harrier II is a single-engine ground-attack aircraft that constitutes the second generation of the Harrier Jump Jet family. "UK Harriers will fly again with USMC". British Aerospace Harrier II (англ. The Harrier emerged as the only truly successful V/STOL design of the many attempted during that era. The GR5 had many differences from the USMC's AV-8B Harriers, such as avionics fit, armaments and equipment; the wing of the GR5 featured a stainless steel leading edge, giving it different flex characteristics from the AV-8B. The British Aerospace-assembled AV-8B Harrier II, now designated GR-5 by the British, began to arrive to replace aircraft assigned to bases in Germany. The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. In all 60 aircraft were ordered, with options for more. A more advanced model, designated as the Harrier GR7, was developed primarily to add a night-time operational capability and avionics improvements[18] The GR7 development program operated in conjunction with a similar USMC initiative upon its AV-8B Harrier fleet. For the wing configuration and take-off distance, see Walker 1986, pp. 26–27 and Eden 2004, p. 289. ", http://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive.cfm?storyid=AEA65E0E-5056-A318-A8B50414638F1C14, "UK defence chiefs stand by Harrier retirement decision", http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/11/15/349713/uk-defence-chiefs-stand-by-harrier-retirement-decision.html, "Securing Britain in an Age of Uncertainty: The Strategic Defence and Security Review. A GR9 in Afghanistan typically carried a DJRP, a Sniper pod, two Paveway IV and two of either CRV-7, Paveway IV or Maverick.[26]. [51] The air support provided by the RAF Harrier armed primarily with rockets was described by a British Army Major as "utterly, utterly useless". [43], During the Battle of Basra, a key Iraqi city, Harriers conducted multiple strike missions against Iraqi fuel depots to cripple enemy ground vehicles;[44] other priority targets for the Harriers included tanks, boats, and artillery. ", "Select Committee on Defence Fourteenth Report . 24–25. British Aerospace Harrier II. ", "Sea Harrier cuts leave the fleet exposed The decision to retire the decisive weapon of the Falklands conflict means the Navy will have to rely on America for air support", http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1389438/Sea-Harrier-cuts-leave-the-fleet-exposed-The-decision-to-retire-the-decisive-weapon-of-the-Falklands-conflict-means-the-Navy-will-have-to-rely-on-America-for-air-support.-David-Graves-reports.html, http://www.airinternational.com/view_news.asp?ID=1855, "Out with the Old In with the New – Renumbering Parade Royal Air Force Cottesmore. 15–16. [31] By the end of 1990, the Harrier II was approaching full operational status with multiple squadrons. However, on 19 October 2010 it was announced in the Strategic Defence and Security Review that the Harrier was to be retired by April 2011. The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. ", "UK to expand Afghanistan commitment with additional aircraft. This page was last edited on 23 December 2020, at 19:35. ", "Harrier Replacement Rear Fuselage Programme Concluded Successfully", http://www.baesystems.com/Newsroom/NewsReleases/autoGen_10773163045.html, "Qinetiq will keep ageing RAF Harriers in the air. Download for free on all your devices - Computer, Smartphone, or Tablet. Initial deliveries of the Harrier II were designated in service as Harrier GR5; subsequently upgraded airframes were redesignated accordingly as GR7 and GR9. The Encyclopedia of … Tags: Aircraft. Living Warbirds is your largest aircraft and aviation resource. [29] In July 2008, Qinetiq was awarded a contract to perform upgrades and maintain the Harrier II fleet until 2018, the then-predicted out of service date. [56], In 2006, the Sea Harrier was retired from Fleet Air Arm service and the Harrier GR7/9 fleet was tasked with the missions that it used to share with those aircraft. Capable of vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL), the aircraft was designed in the late 1970s as an Anglo-American development of the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first operational V/STOL aircraft. 20 Squadron RAF, the Harrier Operational Conversion Unit (OCU), was disbanded; No. GR5A [17], Even prior to the Harrier GR5 entering service, it was clear that alterations were required for the aircraft to be more capable in the interdictor role. [60], The Harrier GR9 was expected to stay in service at least until 2018. The USMC took them to their hearts and decided there could be improvements made. [23] Some GR7s were equipped with uprated Rolls-Royce Pegasus engines, correspondingly redesignated as GR7A; these Harriers had significantly improved takeoff and landing capabilities, and could carry greater payloads. The Harrier II incorporated many improvements over its predecessors. Named after a bird of prey, it was originally developed by British manufacturer Hawker Siddeley in the 1960s. Bước tới điều hướng Bước tới tìm kiếm. [49] On 14 October 2005, a Harrier GR7A was destroyed and another was damaged in a Taliban rocket attack while parked on the tarmac at Kandahar. F-4J(UK) Phantom, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=McDonnell_Douglas_AV-8B_Harrier_II&oldid=995955722, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2013, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [9], The Harrier II is an extensively modified version of the first generation Harrier GR1/GR3 series. RAF Harrier II flying above RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus, 2010. [25] The Digital Joint Reconnaissance Pod (DJRP) was added as part of Capability D.[25], In February 2007, handling trials of the MBDA Brimstone missile began,[25] however the Brimstone would remain uncleared for deployment on the GR9 to its early retirement. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. [36] On 27 April 1999, during a mission to attack a Serbian military depot, RAF Harriers came under heavy anti-aircraft fire, but did not suffer losses as a result. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. At the time, first-generation Harriers were being introduced into Royal Air Force and United States Marine Corps; however, operational experience had highlighted demand for a more capable aircraft. ISSN. The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. The GR5 differed from the USMC AV-8B in avionics fit, weapons and countermeasures. Gary Parsons (March 2012). Find the perfect british aerospace harrier ii stock photo. January 2012. pp. pp. [37] In April 1999, the rules of engagement were changed to allow Harriers to use GPS navigation and targeting during medium-altitude bombing missions. [15] A combination of the new design of the control system and the greater lateral stability of the aircraft made the Harrier II fundamentally easier to fly than the first generation Harrier GR1/GR3 models. A more advanced model, designated as the Harrier GR7, was developed primarily to add a night-time operational capability and avionics improvements The GR7 deve… The fuselage components were designed and built as part of a three-year £20 million programme. The British Aerospace/McDonnell Douglas Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). Trots att det bär samma namn är det ett till stora delar nyutvecklat flygplan. your own Pins on Pinterest Gunston, Bill, ed. The GR9 was developed via the Joint Update and Maintenance Programme (JUMP), which significantly upgraded the Harrier fleet's avionics, communications systems, and weapons capabilities during scheduled periods of maintenance in an incremental manner. [30], The first squadrons to receive the Harrier II were based in Royal Air Force Germany, a standing force maintained to deter Soviet aggression against the West and, in the event of war, carry out ground attacks. 14. [55], In 2005, allegations emerged in Parliament that, following the transfer of servicing duties to RAF Cottesmore, the standard and quality of maintenance on the Harrier fleet had fallen dramatically; several airframes had been considerably damaged and one likely destroyed due to mistakes made, the time taken to perform the servicing had risen from 100 days to 155 days, and the cost per aircraft had also risen to more than ten times that of the prior arrangements performed by Defence Aviation Repair Agency (DARA). The aircraft is primarily employed on light attack or multi-role missions, ranging from close air support of ground troops to armed reconnaissa… The aircraft was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, which itself was a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. In compilation for wallpaper for British Aerospace Harrier II, we have 22 images. Navy League of Australia. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. We offer you to download wallpapers British Aerospace Harrier II, sky, BAE Harrier II, combat aircraft, McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force, RAF from a set of categories airplanes necessary for the resolution of the monitor you for free and without registration. AV-8B Harrier II+ for Spanish Navy, 11 were converted from EAV-8B, 8 were new built 1995 to 1997. Named after a bird of prey, it was originally developed by British manufacturer Hawker Siddeley in the 1960s. Articles needing factual verification from October 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, List of active United Kingdom military aircraft, http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmhansrd/cm040105/text/40105w06.htm#40105w06.html_sbhd8, "Night Harrier to enter RAF service in August. [22] Following the full delivery of 34 Harrier GR7s in 1991, all of the GR5s underwent avionics upgrades to become GR7s as well. [50], Harrier GR7s were deployed to Afghanistan in 2006 as part of the expanded ISAF mission in the south of Afghanistan. The original aluminium alloy fuselage was replaced by a fuselage which makes extensive use of composites, providing significant weight reduction and increased payload or range. Both the RAF and RN operated the Harrier II as a ground attack platform; the Harrier II was also capable of being operated from the Invincible class aircraft carriers. House of Commons: Defence Committee 2006, pp. The British government had only a minor requirement, for up to 60 Harriers at most, and competing pressures on the defence budget left little room for frivolous expenditure such as the Advanced Harrier. The aircraft was the latest development of the Harrier Jump Jet family, and was derived from the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II. British Aerospace Harrier II / McDonnell Douglas AV8-B. The Sidewinder had proven effective for Sea Harriers against Argentinian Mirages in the Falklands conflict; however, from 1993 the Sea Harrier FA2 could also carry the much longer-range AIM-120 AMRAAM, a radar-guided missile. The British Aerospace Harrier II was a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). [62] The decision to retire the Harrier was controversial, with some senior officers calling for the Panavia Tornado to be retired as an alternative. British Aerospace Harrier II HD wallpapers. The Harrier, informally referred to as the Harrier Jump Jet, is a family of jet-powered attack aircraft capable of vertical/short takeoff and landing operations (V/STOL). [35], During Operation Allied Force, the NATO mission over Kosovo in 1999, the RAF contribution included 16 Panavia Tornados and 12 Harrier GR7s. British Aerospace Harrier II. A lack of government backing for developing the necessary engine of the new aircraft, the Pegasus 15, led Hawker to withdraw from this project in 1975. Il pacchetto contiene 4 versioni diverse dell’aereo: 1: HARRIER II Plus Marina Militare Italiana. your own Pins on Pinterest 15–16, 41. Forty one GR5s were built. British Aerospace Harrier II GR5 The GR5 was the RAF's first second-generation Harrier. ", "Allies accused over cluster bomb attacks. The decision to retire was controversial as there was no immediate fixed-wing replacement in its role; in the long term the Harrier II is to be replaced by the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II. [33] Both attack and reconnaissance missions were carried out by the Harriers, which had been quickly modified to integrate GPS navigation for operations in the theatre; more than 126 strike sorties were carried out by the RAF's Harrier II, often assisted by Jaguar fighter-bombers acting as designators for laser-guided bombs such as the Paveway II. [7][verification needed], The first prototype flew in 1981. Sep 25, 2017 - This Pin was discovered by Lencomb. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and between 2006 and 2010 the Royal Navy (RN). [66] This was contradicted by the US Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) in June 2012, who stated that the USMC never planned to operate ex-RAF Harriers. Initial … For the wing area, see Warwick 1979, p. 2127. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). ", http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/last-harrier-jet-leaves-ark-royal-2142482.html, "Last trip for one of Britain's iconic aircraft", "U.S. To Buy Decommissioned British Harrier Jets", "UK Harrier fleet sold as £115 million worth of spare parts", "USMC hopes new method for tracking fatigue life will help extend Harrier to 2030", http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/usmc-hopes-new-method-for-tracking-fatigue-life-will-help-extend-harrier-to-2030-372797/, http://www.key.aero/view_news.asp?ID=5001&thisSection=historic, "The Harrier in My Car Park: The Price of Losing Your Resolve. As the Harrier II had a significantly greater range and survivability than the preceding Hawker Siddeley Harrier it was derived from, a new emphasis was placed on interdiction operations. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and between 2006 and 2010 the Royal Navy (RN). [21] The GR7 conducted its maiden flight in May 1990 and entered service in August 1990. Steven Jermy, Sharkey War & Michael Clapp. Den British Aerospace Harrier II är en andra generationens vertikala/kort start och landning (V/STOL) jet-flygplan som användes tidigare av Royal Air Force (RAF) och mellan 2006 och 2010, Royal Navy (RN). British Aerospace HARRIER II Plus by CRISGAMES. It first entered service with the Royal Navy in April 1980 as the Sea Harrier FRS1 and became informally known as the "Shar". No one was injured in the attack; the damaged Harrier was repaired, while the destroyed aircraft was replaced. The British Aerospace Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). [70], A Royal Air Force Harrier GR7 taking off from the aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious (R06) in the Persian Gulf, 1998. The British Aerospace/McDonnell Douglas Harrier II is a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, between 2006 and 2010, the Royal Navy (RN). British Aerospace Harrier II. 4 British Aerospace Harrier II HD Wallpapers and Background Images. Discover (and save!) The Harrier II flew combat missions in Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Also see Wilson 2000, pp. These operations were later formalised under the Joint Force Harrier command organisation, in which RAF Harrier IIs would routinely operate alongside the Royal Navy's Sea Harriers. [58] On 31 March 2010, No. Two prototypes were built from existing aircraft and flew in 1978. [38] There were conflicting reports about the effectiveness of RAF munitions in the conflict; at the time, the BBC reported an 80% direct hit rate was achieved by RAF strike aircraft, a subsequent Parliamentary Select Committee found that 24% of all munitions expended in the theatre had been precision weapons. The first BAe-built development GR5 flew for the first time on 30 April 1985 and the aircraft entered service in July 1987. [10][11] The UK's Harrier IIs have an additional missile pylon in front of each wing landing gear, and strengthened leading edges of the wings to meet higher bird strike requirements. The British Aerospace Harrier II was a second-generation vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) jet aircraft used previously by the Royal Air Force (RAF) and, … British Aerospace Harrier II is similar to these aircraft: Harrier Jump Jet, McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, British Aerospace Sea Harrier and more. [64] The fleet's farewell to operational flights occurred on 15 December 2010 with fly pasts over numerous military bases. Apr 21, 2014 - This Pin was discovered by Winston Gould. 4 Squadron also disbanded and reformed as No. [5] In 1980, the UK considered if the American program would meet their requirements – their opinion was that it required modification, thus the MDD wing design was altered to incorporate the British-designed leading-edge root extensions. However, the Ministry of Defence rejected this as risky and too expensive; the Armed Forces Minister Adam Ingram estimated that the cost would be in excess of £600 million. [48], In September 2004, six Harrier GR7s were deployed to Kandahar, Afghanistan, replacing a US detachment of AV-8Bs in the region. ", "RAF 'nearly ran out of bombs' in Kosovo. We determined that these pictures can also depict a Airplane, Fly, Jet Fighter. 4 (Reserve) Squadron at RAF Wittering. Eden, Paul, ed. [63], On 24 November 2010, the Harrier made its last ever flight from a carrier, incidentally also the last flight from the carrier HMS Ark Royal prior to retirement. page 5. Harrier FRS.1 of 800 NAS using the ski-jump during takeoff from HMS Invincible in 1990 Harrier FA2 hovering. Capable of vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL), the aircraft was designed in the late 1970s as an Anglo-American development of the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first operational V/STOL aircraft. [26] The Sniper targeting pod replaced the less accurate TIALD in 2007, under an Urgent Operational Requirement (UOR) for Afghanistan. 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