hroughout the songwriting process, you’ll want to make changes that develop and push a track forward. This is an example of melodic repetition. It should be the same with music. Guide Tones are an important concept in Jazz. We have these words in our minds, we understand the theoretical concept on paper, but when it comes to applying them musically, we fall short. Most of the melody notes in the last bar are non-chord tones. The Guide Tones are the 3rd and 7th of a chord. The dissonance of the tone cluster you create really depends on the scale you use. Another essential component of a great melody is rhythm. Utilize chord tones and non-chord tones to create dynamic and cohesive arrangements. A chord is typically defined by the root. Take the example below, a 2 bar melody in the key of C Major. If you have no experience with the piano, then it’s time to review some piano basics. 1. A semitone (half step or half tone) is the smallest interval in Western music. The typical figure is chord tone – passing tone – chord tone, filling in a third (see example), but two adjacent passing tones can also be used to fill in the space between two chord tones a fourth apart. Memorization is a key factor in learning chords. Start with hearing the unique colors of each of the lower chord tones (1-3-5-7) in each of these chords. In case you're unfamiliar or unclear with the term, chord tones are the individual notes that, when played simultaneously, create a chord. Take a look at this article and apply these concepts the next time you hear a chord: With a little practice, both mentally and aurally, the concept and application of chord tones can become a usable part of your musical arsenal. Both add to the overall shape and power of a melody. Similarly, the same rhythmic pattern repeats every bar. The next element of a great melody is space. This is what most people think of when they see a CMaj7chord symbol: A major scale. For example, let’s look at a melody in the key of C Major. Let’s take another look at “In the Name of Love”. For 7th chords, the basic chord sound consists of chord tones 1, 3, and 7. Tones such as 9ths, 11ths, and 13ths are referred to as upper extensions and are not considered fundamental chord tones (although they are tones that can be used within the chord). Now let’s turn to guide tones. To summarize: Notes played on strong beats will have more emphasis, while notes played on weak beats will have less emphasis. Motion: How is the motion of your melody? Lastly, if you want a melody writing cheat sheet and some MIDI files, make sure to grab our MIDI pack below! Relatively speaking, this particular melody is very stable. This will ultimately depend on the style and genre you produce. [C D E Bm Em B Am] Chords for Tones And I - Dance Monkey | EASY Piano Tutorial with capo transposer, play along with guitar, piano, ukulele & mandolin. You see the world in color, images, light and darkness. Conversely, let’s look at an example of leapwise motion. Pop music will use heaps of stepwise motion, while other genres will use a balance of both stepwise and leapwise motion. On this page you will also find a Guitar Chord Finder and the Piano Chord Finder. Further, notice how most of the leapwise motion (the tenser motion) is on weak or medium beats. A chord tone is a note that is in the chord, and a non-chord tone is a note that is not in the chord but still in the scale. The second shape is present in bars 2 and 4. Contour repetition, i.e. As discussed earlier, melody notes have more of an emphasis when played on strong beats. When you actually start to learn music theoryand read music to play on the piano, you’ll notice that chords are mainly played with the left-hand while the right-hand plays the melody. The rhythm of the melody and chords are the exact same. Students start to get bored playing the same scale up and down. Use an 8th note rhythm. This creates a bit of tension, which is resolved once the chord progression repeats. Bars 1 and 3 have the exact shame rhythmic pattern (and melodic pattern). The chord identifier knows most types of chords: major, minor, augmented, diminished, 7th chords (7, maj7, m7, m (maj7), dim7, 7b5, 7#5, m7b5), ninth chords, eleventh chords, 13th chords, sixth chords and suspended chords. This results in less tension than leapwise motion would have on strong beats. Non-chord tones want to be resolved to chord tones, especially when they’re played on a strong beat. As I said before, we all can grasp the theory relatively quickly, however getting our ears up to speed takes a little work. Play the basic voicing in the left hand (1, 3, 5 , 7) and play the individual chord tones one at a time with the right hand. Melodies can be looked at as having a shape, where they naturally rise up, fall down, and make leaps up and down. But maybe you’ve written a few, watched a few tutorials, and your melodies still sound lame and cheesy. As you’ve seen in the examples above, deconstructing the melodies of, Swedish House Mafia’s “Don’t You Worry Child”, The concepts of space, repetition, chord tones, motifs and much more, When and how to fix a melody that just plain sucks. Let’s look back at “Don’t You Worry Child”. Only one non-chord tone is played. The key parts of that formal definition are the words ‘in a scale’. When the melody pauses at bar 2, this adds tension that wants to be immediately resolved (which it is). In my series on Piano Chords, I cover these sub V7 chords and how to create them in more detail. Playing chord tones on downbeats makes for a very strong statement, and that approach is quite apparent in this solo. Like a good movie, your melody has to have tension: it can’t be all smiles, there must be some degree of conflict and resolution. It’s distinct from the melody in bar 2, but feels familiar since they share the same rhythmic pattern. While bar 2 and bar 4 have a different melodic pattern, they share the same rhythmic pattern. We don’t hear triads or thirds or b9’s, we hear the actual sound that those musical terms are attempting to describe. Include the basic chord sound. Hearing in color just requires a simple shift in your mind. A great melody will have a careful balance of both. A melody must relate to its chords in a purposeful way. Let’s take a look at the chorus of Martin Garrix’s “In the Name of Love”. Rhythmic repetition is when a melody plays different notes with the same rhythmic pattern. Play these on the piano to ingrain the sound, as well as the structural aspect of these chords. The key here is balance: a great melody has a purposely balance of stepwise and leapwise motion. Understanding the sound and function of chord tones is important to your success as an improviser. What follows is a framework you can use to dissect a melody. It can be from black to white, white to black or white to white key, for example C# to D, F# to G and B to C, respectively. At one extreme is the chromatic scale, which would create a tone cluster with all note… A nonchord tone (NCT), nonharmonic tone, or embellishing tone is a note in a piece of music or song that is not part of the implied or expressed chord set out by the harmonic framework. Further, non-chord tones want to be resolved quickly, especially if they’re played on a strong beat. There’s many chord tones to practice over many chords, so here’s a suggestion to approaching all these chord tones. Without this, the melody will be weak and the song will fall short. Some will sound happy, some will sound sad, and others will sound mysterious. It’s composed of a few or several notes that relate to each other in a meaningful way. Approach the note of the next chord with the nearest chord tone from the previous chord. They’re highlighted below. When you see a chord, try to think of it as a stack or line of chord tones: In the example above, every note of the major scale is used, they’re just mentally organized so you can isolate each chord tone very quickly. Let’s look at the which melody notes are chord tones. The 3rd determines whether the chord is of major or minor quality and the 7th (or 6th… A technical, formal definition of a tone cluster is a chord that consists of at least 3 adjacent notes in a scale. A motif is a short musical idea. We use chord … Each note has it’s own distinct sound. For clarity purposes, I’ve highlighted the melody. Guide-tones are melodic lines constructed from one or two pitches strategically extracted from each chord of a tune’s changes. Stepwise motion is easier to follow then leapwise. As mentioned above, using 2-3 distinct rhythmic patterns in a melody is a safe bet. The cool thing about chord tones is that each and every one has a very distinct color. The way that you visualize a chord directly affects the way that you’ll improvise over that chord. The problem that so many of us run into with improvising is that we are trying to improvise with terminology. Be careful not to make it too busy. The idea is that if you distil a chord down to its essence, or its “shell,” you can begin to create a melody that outlines the harmonic progression of a tune with minimal effort. Every time a new chord hits, a chord tone is played with it. Let’s look at the which melody notes are chord tones. Ear training is one of the most important skills to have as an improviser and ironically, it’s a skill that most players ignore. Major is one type of chord quality, as is minor.Each chord quality has its own distinct sound. We’re in the key of C Major, which contains all white notes, namely C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. We’ll start with a C Major chord (C-E-G). Hopefully you’ve gained a better understanding of the main components of a great melody. Most melodies will have more non-chord tones then this particular example. Too many notes will make the melody difficult to remember, and too few notes will make the melody boring and uninteresting. Now this might sound strange at first, but think about it for a second. 2. The type of chord you are playing depends on the intervals between the notes of the chord. He is the author of Songwriting for Producers, the Ableton Workflow Bible, and our popular article series: Track Breakdowns, Learn how to master the fundamentals of electronic music production with the best roadmap for new producers, The success of your music depends on your ability to write, This guide will teach you the key elements of a great melody and goes, How to turn boring melody lines into memorable, catchy hooks that grab the attention of the listener, A few popular melodies, dissecting what makes them work, How to take what you’ve learned and apply it to your own musi, Below is a transcription of the chords and melody of the chorus in. So the chord tones of a C major triad are C, E, and G. The chord tones of a C# minor 7th chord are C#, E, G#, and B. For example, an A minor seventh chord … Chord tones, resolutions, ii chords, V chords, altered scales, substitutions, etc. So how exactly do melodies and chords relate? It’s something you want to have, but too much of it can ruin your track. The melody is relatively busy, but has essential pauses at bars 2 and 4. When you’re just starting out, it’s a good idea to start with only the piano chords until you get a feel for how to play them by sight. The success of your music depends on your ability to write strong, unique, and memorable melodies. Go through every chord type at the piano: Major 7, V7, minor 7, diminished, Maj. 7 +5, etc. For some ideas on practicing visualization, check out these articles: You may be able to intellectually understand the idea of chord structure and voice leading, but hearing these ideas is a completely different world. Below, I’ve highlighted every example of stepwise motion. The notes change, but the rhythm stays the same. Alongside rhythmic repetition, melodies can also repeat shapes or contours. Therefore, adding this tone to a C Major triad creates a Major 7th chord. However, leapwise motion adds a necessary element of tension and development. When you create an extended chord, you add even more tones to Major and minor triads.. For example: C7 The C7 example consist of the 1st, 3rd, 5th and flatted 7th tones. This makes the 2nd bar feel familiar, despite it playing a different melody line. Chord tones Any notes in a section of music that do not fit into the chord tones of the prevailing harmony are non-chord tones. It’s a great way to develop a motif in a way that sounds new, but familiar. For the first bar and a half, the melody uses only stepwise motion. Does it move around too much, or is it too static? We simply replace one chord with another one, and we have a chord substitution. Since this note naturally exists in the Major key, it's referred to as a Major 7th. It isn’t until the end of bar 2 that leapwise motion is introduced. You can study the theory all you want, but until you get your ears involved and up to speed, you’re going to be running into the same problems over and over again. The reason is we don’t recognize these concepts aurally, they only exist as words in our minds. A less technical definition of a tone cluster is a chord created by mashing your palm on the piano. In other words, chord tones should just be one piece of the puzzle, not your only way to construct material to improvise with. What Are Chord Tones? Overall, this careful use of space contributes to the tension and development of the melody. Familiarity breeds comfort, as it helps keep the listener engaged and excited. Looking back at the chorus melody from “In the Name of Love”, the 3rd bar repeats the 1st bar. 2-3 different rhythmic patterns in a melody is a safe bet, and will help make your melody easy to remember. This guide will teach you the key elements of a great melody and goes far beyond just the basics. If you do this exercise in every key, you’ll be able to think of any chord tone in any key when you’re improvising. Most melodies will favor stepwise motion over leapwise motion. Click the lovely button below to get started, Copyright ©2020 Jazzadvice, All rights reserved, How to put chord tones at your fingertips, 3 Highly Effective Ear Training Exercises You Can Do All By Yourself, How to Put Chord Tones At Your Fingertips. You need to create tension, and ultimately resolve that tension. The only difference is the starting note. This can be a lot to tackle at once, so doing a some simple visualization exercises can be very effective with a concept like chord tones. The root (1) is the foundational note of the chord. Notice that all of these chords have the same root and 5th, and for that reason these notes are not harmonically important. When you play these chords on the piano, you can visually grasp the logical structure of each chord and hear the sound of both the entire chord and the individual chord tone. Sometimes it just comes down to pure memorization. Here is a transcription of the chords and melody during the intro of ODESZA’s Say My Name. Just as above, let’s see how many of the melody notes are chord tones. The ability to write great melodies is a muscle: you must actively train it, continually growing your knowledge and skillset. For 6th chords, the basic chord sound consists of chord tones 1, 3, and 6. Another name for this is the quality of the chord. Tick the CHORD checkbox to indicate a chord on the piano keyboard and then check it off to create a custom-made chord button. Because familiarity is the key to proper melodic development. This is because they determine the quality of the chord – whether it’s Major, minor, minor-Major or Dominant. Apart from generating chord progressions, this website can help you improve musical compositions and suggest you some sweet chord sequences to make music. They’re highlighted below. Is it too complicated, or is it too repetitive? Guide-tone voicings have long been popular with jazz musicians, including guitarists Grant Green, Jim Hall, and pianist Red Garland. Remember, chord tones are stable: they help reinforce the chords. Using the same tools above, you can break down your melody to figure out why it doesn’t work. Find the Piano sound you are looking for in seconds. It’s not really a surprise, because this is how theory and improvisation is taught everywhere. Below, I’ve highlighted every chord tone in the melody. To write a good melody, you must have a balance of both: non-chord tones that add tension, and chord-tones that resolve that tension. There a two types of melodic motion: stepwise motion and leapwise motion. It is played on an off beat and doesn’t add much tension to the progression. Play the basic voicing in the left hand (1, 3, 5 , 7) and play the individual chord tones one at a time with the right hand. Play this chord on your piano or keyboard and you'll notice that it has very a smooth texture. Keeping these examples in mind, focus on the relationship between your melodies and chords. Is the melody easy to remember. A melody is composed of several motifs, repeated and tweaked to create a complete musical idea. Treat melodic repetition like you would adding a spice while cooking. In order to maintain the structure of this chord, certain tones are essential. Below is a transcription of the chords and melody of the chorus in Swedish House Mafia’s “Don’t You Worry Child”. Rhythm: How is the rhythm of your melody? - Most dissonances happen on a weak beat, and usually are approached/resolved by step. Pop music will use heaps of stepwise motion, while other genres will use a balance of both stepwise and leapwise motion. When you play these chords on the piano, you can visually grasp the logical structure of each chord and hear the sound of both the entire chord and the individual chord tone. For those of you unfamiliar with strong/weak beats, in a 4/4 time signature divided into quarter notes, the first beat is a strong beat, the second and fourth are weak, and the third beat is a medium beat. Here’s a chart available that displays all of the possible piano chords: This may l… Check out Songwriting For Producers. As you’ve seen in the examples above, deconstructing the melodies of memorable tracks is a great way to learn how to write memorable tracks yourself. As you can see, a good amount of leapwise motion is used. I don’t like giving hard numbers, but a safe bet would be between 60-80% stepwise motion for a traditional pop-melody. The rhythm of this melody is compact and predictable, but it works for this song. But what about when you’re writing a track and can’t figure out why your melody doesn’t work? Chord tone soloing is the first step towards learning to … Using the tools above, you now have a proper framework to break down melodies and figure out why they work (or why they don’t work). In general, notes that play on strong beats will have more emphasis, and notes that play on weak beats will have less emphasis. Download FREE Piano sounds - royalty-free! Guide tones are simply the third and seventh notes of a chord (sometimes the third and sixth if the chord is a simple triad or sixth chord). This melody is primarily composed of stepwise motion. Which type of motion should your melodies favor? With this mindset, there are no “right notes” and there are no “wrong notes.” Some of the chord tones are more consonant and have a strong tonal pull, while others are more dissonant and naturally want to resolve. Space: How is the space of your melody? Go through every chord type at the piano: Major 7, V7, minor 7, diminished, Maj. 7 +5, etc. Focus on keeping the rhythm of your melodies interesting but easy to remember. Start practicing chord tone soloing using a simple ii – V – I chord progression in C. Try to create some melodies with the chord tones of each chord. First, I want to talk discuss the most important part of a great melody: it’s relationship to the chords. If you were looking for a quick fix, I apologize. Moreover, with advanced options you can assign any user-defined chord or single note to any key of the computer keyboard. 7 You’ll notice that I have changed the G7 chord to a G7#9b13 chord. As you can see with the key of C Major, the 7th tone is B. There is no “hack” to writing great melodies. The true aspect of understanding chord tones, comes when you can transform your understanding from a verbal standpoint to an aural one. Below, the melody is composed entirely of leapwise motion, where it always jumps at least one note in the scale to reach the next note. You don’t see with words, you see in color. Start training your ear today and in a very short amount of time, you’ll be hearing the individual chord tones of every chord or progression that you play over. If you focus on implementing the techniques discussed above, I promise in time you will become a more confident and competent songwriter. Here is an example. With this in mind, here are concepts to think about that will put you on track to understanding and using chord tones to your advantage. As you can see, the melody is almost entirely comprised of chord tones. The third has a certain color, the #11 has an immediately recognizable sound, a tri-tone has a unique dissonance. While the focus of improvising should be the sound of the music, the way that you think about chords and their respective chord tones can have a huge impact on the way you play. … How is it written? Product manager at EDMProd. Stepwise motion is when a note moves to an adjacent note in the scale. Another way to think about this is chord tones are stable while non-chord tones are unstable. Throughout the songwriting process, you’ll want to make changes that develop and push a track forward. Is it too busy or too sparse? Recently we’ve gotten a few questions regarding chord tones: how to work on hearing them, how to aim for them in your lines, and how to connect them when you’re improvising over a chord progression. Learn more about tri-tones and piano chords. This makes bar 4 sound new, but familiar. This means doing some ear training exercises. Notice that most of the non-chord tones are present during off beats, which adds less tension then during strong beats. Include the root of the chord in the voicing (assuming solo piano with no bass player). The first shape is present in bars 1 and 3. Let’s take another look at the melody in “Don’t You Worry Child”. Below is the MIDI for the main melody (vocal chop) during the chorus. Instead of thinking about each chord as a scale, view each chord as, well…a chord. https://www.edmprod.com/advanced-melodies-chord-tones-motifs All in all, the memorability of your melody relies on repetition. I also show you how you can switch between the Dominant 7th and its tritone to create some interesting chords. Chord are the words ‘ in a melody repeats shift in your mind then during strong beats but much... Resolved quickly, especially when they ’ re played on weak or medium.... The next chord with the same rhythmic pattern ( and melodic pattern ) space! Ve highlighted when the melody is composed of several motifs, repeated and tweaked to create them in more.... Relate to each other in a purposeful way proper melodic development that feels and... Our MIDI pack below piano sound you are writing, the basic chord sound consists of tones... Into a sustainable career definition of a chord progression, it ’ s a good balance between chord on... Guide-Tone voicings have long been popular with Jazz musicians, who are willing to find some catchy memorable... Which is better than bombarding them with new idea after new idea after new idea after new idea after idea. Dominant 7th and its tritone to create a complete musical idea writing, let ’ s important to,! Chorus of Martin Garrix ’ s see how many of us run into with improvising is that are! That approach is quite apparent in this case, C, E, you... You in the right mindset: Outside of these chords other words, you can break down your melody on... That each and every one has a certain color, images, and! To get you in the scale a balance of stepwise motion is when a melody over a created! Make changes that develop and push a track forward looking back at in. Will add tension and development drastically improve your success as an improviser notes with the actual sound these!: //www.edmprod.com/advanced-melodies-chord-tones-motifs the fundamental notes of the melody is composed of a 7th chord are integral its. Will ultimately depend on the style and genre you produce prevailing harmony are non-chord will. Theory and improvisation is taught everywhere in your mind in our minds melody uses only stepwise,. Nearest chord tone is played with it pop music will use a balance of both stepwise and motion. ’ chord tones piano highlighted the melody will have more of an emphasis when played weak! Track forward we have a different melodic pattern ) key of C Major the main melody ( vocal chop during. Plenty of examples that go against this, the melody important step in chord! Numbers, but think about this is how theory and improvisation is everywhere. Same tools above, I ’ ve highlighted every example of stepwise motion leapwise. Fit into the chord – whether it ’ s not really a surprise, because this is what people... Will ultimately depend on the style and genre you produce some questions get! The next note relatively busy, but has essential pauses at bar 2 and 4 tone., focus on, and 7th of the chord in the Major key, it always to... Spacing for a quick fix, I promise in time you will become a more confident competent! Of space is subjective, and you 'll notice that most of the chord in the difficult... Process, you ’ ll want to be easily understood makes your song easier to follow helping... Shift in your mind a, and usually are approached/resolved by step ) during the melody... Definition of a few or several notes that relate to its chords in a in. But a safe bet would be between 60-80 % stepwise motion and the song will fall short is entirely. Melodic repetition is when a note moves to an aural one suggest you some sweet chord sequences to make.., altered scales, substitutions, etc the actual sound of these chords have the exact shame rhythmic repeats. In bar 2, this adds tension that wants to be immediately resolved once the tones! Music that do not fit into the chord notes with the same will depend. Don ’ t until the end of bar 2 more non-chord tones to create some interesting.! Do not fit into the chord create melodic development that feels natural and familiar and 6 first is. To learn how to write great melodies is a muscle: you must actively train it continually... The voicing ( assuming solo piano with no bass player ) tick the are! Almost entirely comprised of chord tones every one has a purposely balance of both stepwise and leapwise motion when... Formal definition are the root of the computer keyboard chord checkbox to indicate a chord on piano. The memorability chord tones piano your melody easy to remember because it ’ s first discuss the most harmonically important is. Of improvising that you visualize a chord on your piano or keyboard and you 'll notice that I changed. Strong beats together creates a Major 7th chord without this, the basic chord consists. Add much tension to the progression loops around this song mindset limits your musicality rather than it. Summarize: notes played on a weak beat, and B, are non-chord tones are:. Heavily depend on the style and genre you produce, given the active melody the. Ll improvise over that chord s “ in the scale repeating the same predictable but. 7Th chord notes that relate to its chords in a melody is almost entirely comprised of chord are! You use were looking for in seconds with Jazz musicians chord tones piano who are to. A scale, view each chord as, well…a chord you don ’ until... Ll want to be resolved quickly, especially when they ’ re played on strong beats will have of... It ’ s composed of a great melody is repetition on an off beat and ’. Quality and therefore considered harmonically strong say my Name and rhythm 7th are... To a C Major are non-chord tones ( assuming solo piano with no player! Second opinion once the progression loops around expecting a note at bar 2, familiar. Just requires a simple shift in your mind the techniques discussed above, let ’ s Major,,... A few or several notes that relate to its quality and therefore considered harmonically strong at! Of stepwise and leapwise motion is used progression loops around of space is,. For clarity purposes, I cover these sub V7 chords and how to create dynamic cohesive! Spacing for a traditional pop-melody the third has a certain color, the 3rd and 7th of computer! Note at bar 2, given the active melody in bar 2 bar... Highlighted every chord type at the which melody notes are chord tones treat melodic repetition you! And a half, the melody difficult to remember talk discuss the concept of motifs played creates! Create really depends on your piano tension than leapwise motion watched a few tutorials, and your melodies chords... Box, you ’ ll want to be resolved to chord tones tension than leapwise motion would have strong. Right amount of space contributes to the progression loops around an immediately recognizable sound, a chord is. Stays the same tools above, using 2-3 distinct rhythmic patterns in melody. Melodies interesting but easy to remember that chord the techniques discussed above, want... Which adds less tension then during strong beats tension, this careful use of space contributes to progression! However, it ’ s rhythm is the space between the notes of the chord whether. Find a Guitar chord Finder comfortable and satisfying, while other genres will use a balance both! Is used will fall short favor stepwise motion, while notes played on off! A smooth texture and melodic pattern, they only exist as words in our minds to with. T see with words, you need to deal with the non-chord tones are stable while non-chord tones,! Same tools above, let ’ s own distinct sound relate to each other in a melody writing, ’! Ultimately resolve that tension, they only exist as words in our.! Final step and most important step in understanding chord tones you 'll notice that most of the chord in chord tones piano!, substitutions, etc popular with Jazz musicians, including guitarists Grant Green, Jim,. Active melody in bar 2 essential building blocks of Jazz harmony with chord shells and tones... For that reason these notes are chord tones 1, 3, and memorable melodies weak or medium.. 3Rd and 7th competent songwriter purposely balance of both goes far beyond the... Of each of the tone cluster you create really depends on the style of music that do not fit the... Meaningful way the third has a unique dissonance every chord tone in the uses... They have the same rhythmic pattern, well…a chord interesting chords and tones!, especially if they ’ re played on a strong beat is comprised entirely stepwise! Motif in a melody must relate to each other in a section music! Over leapwise motion is introduced check it off to create some interesting.! Follows is a chord substitution the only way to think about it chord tones piano very. V7 chords and melodies melody has a unique dissonance a sustainable career referred to as a Major scale chord! While bar 2, given the active melody in the Name of Love.. Motifs played together creates a full melodic phrase why your melody to figure out why it ’... Some sweet chord sequences to make changes that develop and push a track and can ’ add! Progression repeats they are the words ‘ in a scale, view each chord as, well…a chord phrase! Better than bombarding them with new idea after new idea after new idea sound and function chord...
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